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Certificates

Every lot, traceable by its number.

A certificate should name the lot, state what was tested, state the method used, and be traceable to the laboratory that produced it. A purity figure with no lot number and no issuing laboratory is a marketing claim, not a result.

The lot number is printed on the vial label, next to the expiry date.

Certificates pending

First lots are at the laboratory now.

Certificates publish here the day results release, keyed to your vial's lot number.

KOVA certificates are issued against KOVA's own lots by an independent analytical laboratory. Until the first one exists this page shows nothing — no borrowed certificate from another brand, no sample lot number, and no placeholder purity figure.

Identity

Mass spectrometry confirms the molecule present is the molecule named.

Purity

HPLC separates the target peptide from synthesis-related impurities and reports it as a percentage of total peak area.

Net content

The actual mass of peptide in the vial, which is not the same as the fill weight.

A certificate belongs to a lot, not to a product line. When a new lot is released it is tested again, and the certificate published against it is that lot's certificate — a previous lot's result is never carried forward.